What is ESP32 #
ESP32 is a series of low-cost, low-power system on a chip microcontrollers with integrated Wi-Fi and dual-mode Bluetooth.
The ESP32 series employs either a Tensilica Xtensa LX6 microprocessor in both dual-core and single-core variations, Xtensa LX7 dual-core microprocessor or a single-core RISC-V microprocessor and includes built-in antenna switches, RF balun, power amplifier, low-noise receive amplifier, filters, and power-management modules.
ESP32 is created and developed by Espressif Systems, a Chinese company based in Shanghai, and is manufactured by TSMC using their 40 nm process.
It is a successor to the ESP8266 microcontroller.
Features #
Features of the ESP32 include the following:
- Upgrade Type-C interface for stronger compatibility
- IO pins are all exported to facilitate development
- No extra breadboard is needed. It has male and female pins, and the pins are clearly colored for easy wiring
- The Type-C interface is equipped with an electrostatic discharge protection diode and a transient voltage suppression diode to protect the chip from electrostatic breakdown and damage from various surge pulses
The ESP32 Platform #
Processors: #
- CPU: Xtensa dual-core (or single-core) 32-bit LX6 microprocessor, operating at 160 or 240 MHz and performing at up to 600 DMIPS, Ultra low power (ULP) co-processor.
Memory:
- 520 KiB RAM, 448 KiB ROM
Wireless connectivity: #
- Wi-Fi: 802.11 b/g/n
- Bluetooth: v4.2 BR/EDR and BLE (shares the radio with Wi-Fi)
Peripheral interfaces: #
- 34 × programmable GPIOs
- 12-bit SAR ADC up to 18 channels
- 2 × 8-bit DACs
- 10 × touch sensors (capacitive sensing GPIOs)
- 4 × SPI
- 2 × I²S interfaces
- 2 × I²C interfaces
- 3 × UART
- SD/SDIO/CE-ATA/MMC/eMMC host controller
- SDIO/SPI slave controller
- Ethernet MAC interface with dedicated DMA and planned IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol support
- CAN bus 2.0
- Infrared remote controller (TX/RX, up to 8 channels)
- Pulse counter (capable of full quadrature decoding)
- Motor PWM
- LED PWM (up to 16 channels)
- Ultra low power analog pre-amplifier
Security: #
- IEEE 802.11 standard security features all supported, including WPA, WPA2, WPA3 (depending on version)[5] and WLAN Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure (WAPI)
- Secure boot
- Flash encryption
- 1024-bit OTP, up to 768-bit for customers
- Cryptographic hardware acceleration: AES, SHA-2, RSA, elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), random number generator (RNG)
Power management: #
- Internal low-dropout regulator
- Individual power domain for RTC
- 5 μA deep sleep current
- Wake up from GPIO interrupt, timer, ADC measurements, capacitive touch sensor interrupt